Adjusting mechanism for the breaking rollers of flax-breaking machines



' v l. ETRICH.

ADJUSTINGYMECHANISM FOR THE BREAKING ROLLERS 0F FLAX BREAKING MACHJNES.

' APPLICATION FILED NOV. 18.1919.

' 1 $105,989. 7 Patented Feb. 7, 1922;.

2 SHEETS-SHEET lfan AZ Z'Tf m I. ETRICH. v ADJUSTING-MECHANISM FOR THE BREAKING ROLLERS 0F FLAX BREAKING MACHINES.

' APPLICATION FILED NOV. 18, 1919.

1 ,405,989. Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

/N 1/5 N 702 161x42 78161? UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IGNAZ ETRICH, OF OIBERALTSTADT, NEAR TRAUTENAU, BOH EMIA, ASSIGNOR TO IGNAZ ETRICH, JUNIOR, OF OBERALTSTADT, NEAR TRAUTENAU, STATE OF.

:CZECHO-SLOVAKIA.

ADJUSTING MECHANISM FOR THE BREAKING ROLLERS OF FLU-BREAKING MACHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. '7, 1922.

Application filed November 18, 1919. Serial No. 338,933.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L., 1313.)

T0 whom it may concern Be it known thatl, IGNAZ ETRIOH, a subject of the Czecho-Slovak: Republic, i-esid-- issued; Hungary, December 30th, 1916, Patent N 0. 71831 issued; Germany, August 24th,

1916, Patent No. 299,547 issued; Holland, August 17th, 1917, Patent No. 3861 lssued; Belgium, August 27th, 1917, Patent 272,447, issued; France, August 27th, 1919; Sweden, Sept. 8th, 1919) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Wlll enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to flax breaking machines in which the retted stalks of flax or hemp are caused to pass through a series of fluted rollers for crushing their lignous parts. Such breaking machines are in many cases advantageously used as a substitute for the ordinary flax brake, but they require an exact and rapid governing of the pressure of the rollers and therefore an exact adjustment 'of the fluted rollers for securing for a given sort of fiax'the best conditions of working.

Heretofore this adjustment of the fluted rollers was effected by separately adjusting the upper roller of'eachpair but as a flax breaking machine is usually provided with a large number of pairs of rollers (20'to 30 and even more) an exact and rapid adjustment of each individual pair of rollers cannot be practically obtained.

It has also been proposed to adjust simultaneously all the fluted rollers from a common shaft by means of suitable bevel gears and screw spindles for each pair of rollers but even this does not permit to obtain the required exactness and direct action, mainly on account of the lost motion in the adjusting devices (consisting of a plurality of parts movable relatively to each other) of various pairs of adjusting rollers and besides this known adjusting device permits at the best to adjust all the rollers by equal amounts, but does not permit to adjust the rollers in such, amanner'that the, normal distance bet-ween the rollers of any pair is in a predetermined ratio differing from one with the normal distance between the rollers of another pair, no matter how the individual pairs of rollers may be adjusted.

This inconvenience is overcome according to the present invention by moving simul-- taneously the bearings'of all the upper rollers of a breaking machine relatively to the fixed bearings of the lower rollers by means of a pressing frame common to all the upper rollers.

In the annexed drawing Fig. 1 is a part of a plan view, Fig. 2 a part of a side elevation on a larger scale of an embodiment of the present adjusting apparatus, and Fig. 3

is an end elevation partlyin section of one' corner of the apparatus,

1 are the bearings of the upper rollers of a breaking machine; these bearings are suitably guided in the machine. A frame 3 consisting of two longitudinal bars con bolts 4, but prevented from moving axially engage with large worms 6 on shafts 7 run 11mg alongtwo: opposite sides of the ad justing frame 3 driven simultaneously and at the same speed by bevel gearing 8 from a hand wheel 9 at the delivery end of the breaking machine. There may be any de-' sired number of bolts-l evenly distributed at each of the longitudinal sides of the adjusting. frame 8; in most cases it will be sufiicient to provide one such bolt at at each of the four corners of the adjusting frame. The attendant at the hand wheel 9 will readily see from the state of the broken material delivered by the machine what readjustment if any ofthc breaking rollers is required for the raw material under treatment and then may raise or lower the adjusting frame as an entirety by simplyturning the hand I wheel 9 in the one or in the'other direction whereby also the pressure between the two rollers of all the oairs is simultaneously increased or reduce Usually the adjusting frame 3 will be held parallel to the plane of the fixed axes of the lower breaking rollers not shown.

then be always in the same ratio to that of the rollers of the pair at the deliveryend by making the speed relation, between the shafts 7 and the bolts 4 at the entering end different from that at the delivery, end, for instance by taking, all other things being equal, worm wheels 5 of a larger number of teeth for the delivery end than forthe en- 7 tering end.

The bolts 4 might engage with the machine frame by means of a screw thread having anotherpitch than the female thread in the adjusting frame They'would then act 7 in the manner of differential screws or the bolts 4 might be prevented from revolving and from moving axially" in the machine or toggle levers interposed between the ad-- I '50 justing and the machine frame might be frame being dispensedwith. bolts & and female threads any other mochaframe, while the worm. wheels are free to revolve 1n. the adjustlng frame but 'pre-.

vented from moving axially,; the female.

thread being in the worm wheel and the female thread for the bolt in the machine Instead of nism might be operated by the hand wheel 9 and acting on the adjusting frame as an entirety, might be used for adjusting purposes for instance cranks or eccentrics journaled in the adjusting frame, and operated from the shaft 7, 7 by means of worm gearing, the rods of the cranks or eccentrlcs being connected with the mach ne frame,

used,the middle joints of these toggle levers being actuated by the shafts 7.

Claims.

1. In a flax breaking machine the combination of a plurality of pairs of breaking rollers, fixed bearings for the lower rollers of the pairs holding the axes ofsuc-h lower rollers substantially in one plane, movable bearings for the upper rollers of the pairs, means for guiding such'bearing's of upper rollers in lines substantially at right angles to the said plane, an adjusting frame eX- tendmg over all the upper rollers, springs interposed between such adjusting frame and the bearings of the upper rollers and means for moving the adjusting frame asran entirety relatively-tothe said plane,the. amount by which the adjusting frameis moved at 1 right angles to the said plane. above oneend of the series being in a predetermined coir" stant ratio to the amount by which the ad justing frame is moved at ri-ghtangleslto the said series-.

2. In a flax breaking'machine the combination ofa' plurality of pairs of breaking rollers, fixed bearings for the lower rollers plane above the other'end of the of thepairs holding the axes of such lower rollers substantially in one plane, movable.

bearings for the upper rollers of the pairs, means for guiding such bearings oft-upper rollers in lines substantially at 'rig-htangles to the said plane, an adjusting frame ex tending over all the upper rollers, springs interposed between such adjusting frame and the bearings of the upper rollers and means for moving the adjusting frame as an entirely relatively to the said plane, such means including a hand wheel located at the de livery end of the machine, the amount by which the adjusting frame is-moved at right angles to the said plane above oneend of the series being in a predeterminedlconstant ratio to the amount by which the lad justing frame is moved. at right angles to thelsaid plane above the other end of the series. 1

' In testimony whereof, I afiix my'signature,

in presence of two witnesses.

IGNAZ] EIRICH.

Witnesses: V v 7 r I O'r'ro HE PFING, RICHARD TRIEBEL. 

